Sawed off shotgun loophole Not every old shotgun is worth a lot of money. Rate this quote: 0. Perhaps this law made more sense in 1934, but it makes zero sense now. There's no such thing as being trapped in a marriage. Oct 21, 2020 · A shotgun with a short barrel and stock removed is not an AOW. It’s 12 gauge, does everything a short barrel shotgun does except have a stock, and is based on the revered Mossberg 590 action. While it doesn't deal the highest headshot damage, this shotgun is still capable of killing a player in a single shot as long as most of the pellets hit the head Originally Posted by tlguyI don't think they should be illegal, but a semi-auto shotgun loaded with 00 is capable of doing more damage in a crowded room than an AR with a bump stock. Originally Posted by tlguyI don't think they should be illegal, but a semi-auto shotgun loaded with 00 is capable of doing more damage in a crowded room than an AR with a bump stock. Do sawed-off shotguns have a higher recoil? Sawed-off shotguns may have increased recoil due to the shorter barrel, potentially making them more difficult to control. Aug 12, 2021 · Legal Loophole? If a sawed-off shotgun isn’t an option, there are alternatives like the Mossberg Shockwave. The 1934 National Firearms Act originally wanted to restrict handgun ownership, and the clauses relating to SBRs and SBSs were simply to close the loophole of a person cutting down a rifle or shotgun to get around a handgun prohibition. - A little-known loophole lets you buy an automatic rifle without local law enforcement approval. But why are they illegal? In the United States, it is illegal to own a sawed-off shotgun without a federal firearms license (FFL). Oct 6, 2021 · RMA BODY ARMOR: http://www. Personally I would suggest if you get one, make NO changes to it what so ever. Under the National Firearms Act (NFA) in the United States, it is illegal for a private citizen to possess a sawed-off modern smokeless powder shotgun. Intratec Handgun Intratec Nov 15, 2021 · Ryan calls Gun Talk’s Tom Gresham to ask about a gun he inherited – a sawed-off shotgun. They have the "Special- takes 1 action to reload. These specifications classify the firearm under the National Firearms Act (NFA), subjecting it to strict federal regulations and requirements such as registration and taxation. Manufacturing or transferring such firearms is also unlawful. 削短型霰彈槍（英語： Sawn-off shotgun 或Sawed-off shotgun）通常是指那些槍管被削斷或沒有槍托且槍身短小的散彈槍。 Sep 23, 2021 · Read up on the state laws before modifying your shotgun. In this country, you can get divorced. Check your local and state laws to determine if it’s legal. These types of firearms share similar characteristics with a typical sawed-off shotgun. ” Aug 15, 2024 · Florida law defines a sawed-off shotgun as any shotgun with a barrel less than 18 inches long or an overall length of less than 26 inches. Can I obtain a permit to own a sawed-off shotgun? Under federal law, there is no specific permit available for private individuals to own a sawed-off Apr 30, 2024 · One of Things People Get Wrong About Guns is the legality of short barreled shotguns, sometimes known as sawed off shotguns May 2, 2025 · In California, for example, possession of a sawed-off shotgun is illegal under the state's penal code. Though of course a large part of it is just people that do not like being told what to do. The Columbine shooters sawed off the barrel of this relatively inexpensive weapon—typically used for home defense or hunting—to roughly 26 inches, making it easier to wield and more deadly because the projectiles scatter more widely. The counterpart of this weapon for the Counter-Terrorists is the MAG-7 Revving the chainsaw while it is still attached to the shotgun can be a great way to rapidly heal up close. But I was wanting to know your thoughts on them. ? Feb 4, 2024 · 一把削短型双管霰弹枪 一把装上M4卡宾枪伸缩式枪托的削短型雷明顿870霰弹枪. A short barrel shotgun, commonly called a sawed-off shotgun, has a barrel length of less than 18 inches or an overall length of less than 26 inches Aug 7, 2024 · A short barrel shotgun, commonly called a sawed-off shotgun, has a barrel length of less than 18 inches or an overall length of less than 26 inches. A News 13 investigation found the loophole is becoming a popular way to legally Feb 17, 2024 · 11. Some Popular Categories: Feb 27, 2025 · Sawed-off shotguns (18” or shorter barrel) Sawed-off rifles (16” or shorter barrel) Federally Banned Ammo. " Sawed-off Shotgun, any weapon made from a shotgun, whether by alteration, modification or otherwise, if such weapon as modified has one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length or as modified Aug 23, 2013 · The Obama administration is working to close a loophole in the nation’s gun laws that allows for some machine guns and sawed-off shotguns to be sold without the buyer submitting fingerprints or photographs. It is a sawed-off variant of the 1887 Shotgun. Sometimes referred to as the Brady bill loophole, [14] the Brady law loophole, [15] sawed-off shotguns, suppressors and destructive devices). The overall length of the shotgun will also be less than 26 inches. Sawed-off shotguns have been a staple in various forms of media, from intense action movies to survival video games like “Alan Wake 2. The damage using standard shells is comparable, negligible increase, but 12 Guage has much more variety in ammunition types then 20 Guage. The shorter barrel and stock make it more difficult to control the shotgun, and the increased recoil can make it difficult to aim accurately. The law considers it a felony, punishable by imprisonment for 16 months to 3 years. Like you're not going to be concealing it, it just changes the weight distribution and all that. Just stating an opinion I see oft Apr 14, 2025 · Why the Specific Concern Over Sawed-Off Shotguns? Concealability; Maneuverability; Perceived Lethality; Historical Context; Counterarguments and Considerations; FAQs: Everything You Need to Know About Sawed-Off Shotguns and the Law. Are sawed-off shotguns commonly used in crimes? While sawed-off shotguns do find their way into criminal activities, they are not as prevalent as other types of firearms due to their legal restrictions and relative scarcity compared to standard shotguns or handguns. They’re fairly easy to get. It is traditionally associated with the Sicilian Mafia for their use of it in vendettas, defense—such as its use against Benito Mussolini's army when he decided to break up the Sicilian mafioso network—and hunting. Posted By: Catch22 Re: Why are sawed-off shotguns illegal? - 05/15/19 11:37 PM We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Jan 13, 2019 · The resulting firearm is a great piece of gear for any of us that always wanted a sawed-off shotgun for whatever reason, but weren’t willing to pay the tax and deal with the NFA hassle. 中折れ式散弾銃のソードオフ。イタリア物（lupara）の画像. Get caught with one at the wrong place and time, and you’re looking at serious time in a Apr 24, 2024 · Furthermore, it is important to note that it is not just the act of possessing a sawed-off shotgun that is illegal. ? Feb 17, 2024 · Modifying a shotgun to meet the legal requirements in Illinois may be possible, but it is crucial to understand and adhere to the specific regulations to ensure compliance. Sawed-off shotguns have long been a topic of fascination and controversy. This law regulates silencers, Short Barreled Shotguns, Short Barreled Rifles, Full Auto firearms, Destructive Devices, and a class of weapon called Any Other Weapon. It is unlawful for any person under the age of 18 years to possess any handgun and, except as provided by federal law, to possess a sawed-off rifle or sawed-off shotgun or a full automatic weapon Because when the National Firearms Act (NFA) was enacted in 1934 they were trying to restrict firearms that gangsters (mafia) were using; machine guns, sawed-off shotguns etc. Can I legally purchase a sawed-off shotgun? In most places, purchasing a sawed-off shotgun is illegal without the proper permits and authorization. 9. " So, obviously you are meant to only fire once per turn, unless you take an extra action to reload. What if you Jun 11, 2008 · Every now and then I'll read some posts about someone being interested in short barrel shotguns, and lots of times they get the "I wouldn't do that if I were you" or the "They are too much to handle and are good for nothing blah blah blah" answer. Dec 4, 2018 · Until recently a “sawed-off shotgun” of any kind was illegal unless you first went to the trouble of asking the federal government for permission to own it while paying a $200 tax. Why are sawed-off shotguns illegal? Sawed-off shotguns are illegal because they are easily concealed, highly lethal at close range, and have limited legitimate use. Just stating an opinion I see oft Oct 29, 2009 · The question says it all. They are highly regulated and in many cases illegal to own. If you wanted to end a marriage, you had to resort to the Lupara. Be it the perceived element of illegality or the defensive benefits, the SBS holds a special place in firearms lore. Under Florida Statute 790. Some of them were mass produced shotguns intended to be used and abused, just like a Mossberg 88 is today. The Sawed-Off Shotgun has a faster rate of fire and reloads quicker than the regular Shotgun, though its larger pellet spread makes it even worse at longer ranges. Translation Feb 17, 2024 · Shotguns are sometimes sawed off to create a shorter barrel and overall length, making the weapon easier to conceal and maneuver in close quarters. Jun 14, 2016 · And with tommy gun-toting gangsters on movie screens and in real-life back alleys, the White House’s focus turned to machine guns and short or sawed-off shotguns. Aug 7, 2024 · In this article, we’ll explore the legality of short-barrel shotguns, their historical context, and what you need to know to stay on the right side of the law. They tested a pistol-grip only shotgun against a traditional pump and a coach gun on the clock, and demonstrated that PGO or Shockwave is less compact that a shotgun with a stock. Jan 14, 2013 · Sawed-off shotguns – shotguns with barrels cut off to less than 18 inches – are illegal in Canada. For example, sawed-off shotguns are legal for use by law enforcement officers and military personnel. “Sawed off Shotguns” fall under the National Firearms Act. com/?rfsn=5959978. DO NOT change the pistol grip, stock, or anything else, because doing so, could move it from the legal category into the short barrel shotgun (aka "sawed off" category, which is illegal to possess without PRIOR BATF approval. Aug 18, 2021 · You wanted them to impress someone, you shot their brother. 12. Re: Sawed-off shotgun/shotgun pistol??? - 06/01/22 05:19 AM Skip the entire process and get a double barrel black powder shotgun, chop it how you want it, good to go. These kind of shotguns comes with a shorter barrel. This type of firearm is created by shortening the barrel and often modifying the stock to create a more compact and portable weapon. A short-barreled shotgun is also referred to as a sawed-off shotgun. 221, any person who possesses a sawed-off shotgun is guilty of a third-degree felony, unless the person has a valid federal tax stamp under the National Firearms Act, which permits Jan 5, 2025 · Sawed-off shotguns became illegal when the National Firearm Act of 1934 was signed into law. Dec 10, 2009 · I've heard that it's not technically illegal to saw a shotgun, but it is illegal to have a barrel less than a certain length and a total length for the whole shotgun that is less Feb 21, 2015 · Dark Mode; Light Mode; Menu Jun 30, 2015 · The law repeals a state ban and allows people to manufacture, sell or own "sawed-off shotguns," defined as shotguns with barrels 18 inches long or less and overall lengths of less than 26 inches. Just stating an opinion I see oft Apr 27, 1999 · On the April 20, 1999, rampage at Columbine High School suspects packed an arsenal of an Intratec TEC-DC9 semiautomatic handgun, a HiPoint 9mm semiautomatic carbine and two sawed-off shotguns 一把削短型雙管霰彈槍 一把裝上M4卡賓槍伸縮式槍托的削短型雷明登870霰彈槍. However, there are some exceptions to this rule. I personally still don't care for it but you be the judge. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 500 S&W but a shotgun with a barrel too short is illegal. Can I legally purchase a sawed-off shotgun? It depends on the state you reside in. If you could legally, would you own one or just have a regular shotgun. Can I possess them in California? No. ab3f4bNeed we say more?AMAZON STORE: https://amzn. Just stating an opinion I see oft Short-barreled shotgun (SBS or sawed-off shotgun as they are sometimes referred to as) means that a shotgun has one or more barrels that are less than 18-inches in length, and any weapon made from a shotgun by alteration or modification has an overall length of less than 26-inches. C. Carrying an unlicensed sawed-off shotgun less than 18 inches will put you in a federal penitentiary for up to five years. I sawed off A5 has a very unique feeling. May 7, 2025 · Riot shotgun. Legal if overall barrel length is at least 18” and ov Feb 17, 2024 · Modifying a shotgun into a sawed-off version without proper authorization is illegal in most areas and can result in serious legal consequences. 500 S&W but a shotgun with a barrel too short is illegal. Legally, there is a major difference. Are there any federal penalties for owning a sawed-off shotgun? Possessing an unregistered sawed-off shotgun can result in severe federal penalties, including hefty fines and imprisonment. ? When the bill was first proposed by the Department of Justice it affected pistols and revolvers, but that provision was eliminated from the bill, and it now only relates to machine guns and sawed-off shotguns and rifles, or guns with barrels less than 18 inches in length, and to mufflers, and to silencers (Congressional Record, 73rd Congress Oct 10, 2019 · Good Luck, what ever you choose. Apr 26, 2024 · Understanding the legal restrictions on owning a sawed-off shotgun. Is that some kind of legal loophole? Sophia: It's some kind of sawed-off shotgun. These days, due to something of a loophole in the law, short-barreled shotguns with a Shockwave stock, or grip if you will, can be purchased without regulation. But it is WAY easier to conceal, which is why criminals like them. So today I decided to make some videos to show We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. ” Their presence in the entertainment industry often paints them as powerful and rugged tools, ideal for high-stakes scenarios. 10. Modifying an antique firearm (aka not a firearm) can be a legal way of enjoying true “coach guns” without applying and paying for the NFA tax stamp. Free in the end phase. At lunchtime on April 20, they opened fire. Feb 17, 2024 · What is considered a sawed-off shotgun? A sawed-off shotgun is typically a shotgun with a barrel length shorter than the minimum length allowed by law, which is often 18 inches. As a result of its name, you can find them mostly being used to disperse protestors, rioters, and revolutionaries. Jan 15, 2023 · The simple truth is that short rifles and short shotguns were never a problem, and continue to not be a problem today. You May Also Like HISTORY & CULTURE Aug 12, 2019 · Such pistol versions of rifles exist because the National Firearms Act of 1934 originally was to apply to pistols, so sawed-off shotguns and cut-down rifles were included to limit the availability of concealable weapons. patreon. Suppressors (excludes those registered with the ATF) A sawed-off shotgun is a shotgun with a short barrel. 913 Views. Mar 2, 2023 · From Doc Holliday’s “Street Howitzer” to Mad Max’s sawed-off VG Bentley, the short-barreled shotgun (SBS) has an allure not found in other firearms. Remember: trimming shotgun barrels reduces accuracy. It is a massive amount of gun in a very small package. Lupara (Italian pronunciation:) is an Italian word used to refer to a sawed-off shotgun of the break-action type. A sawed-off shotgun is defined as a shotgun with a barrel length shorter than 18 inches (46 … A: Sawed-off shotguns are more dangerous than traditional shotguns because they are more likely to cause injury or death if they are fired accidentally. What exactly defines a “sawed-off shotgun” under the law? 2. to/2H7Lq6YPATREON: https://www. This means that even if the modification was not done by the individual in possession of the firearm, they can still be held accountable for having it in their possession. Just stating an opinion I see oft. com/iv8888JO Feb 17, 2024 · 9. Why? A person can carry a . 2. ? Coach guns and sawed off A5s are also a blast. It is exclusive to the Terrorists. What are the penalties for owning a sawed-off Why? A person can carry a . Just stating an opinion I see oft Perks: Hunter (Bump your Survival up to 30, select it and then reallocate), Run 'n' Gun (Travel Light is also good but you'll probably be using heavy armour), Bloody Mess, Shotgun Surgeon, Quick Draw (switching weapons reloads them. This is a sawed-off shotgun, or short-barreled shotgun. Short Barrel Shotgun Definition. State-Level Regulations: Adding Layers of Complexity. 0 / 0 votes. The Sawed-Off Shotgun is a ranged weapon in Dead Rails. This is commonly referred to as the NFA. ソードオフ・ショットガン (Sawed-off shotgun) は、銃の一種で、ショットガンの銃身を切り詰め、銃床も短くした（あるいは無くした）ものを指す。 No, they aren’t. There is no doubt you will have an easy time when it comes to the overall use of the model when it comes to dealing with the various protesters. This practice shortens the barrel length, turning the firearm into a sawed-off shotgun, which is subject to strict regulations and often prohibited due to safety concerns and high potential for illegal use. Ian later looked at shooting with the cheekweld concept, which is maybe an improvement. Search titles only By: Search Advanced search… Jan 3, 2023 · Throughout recent years, investigations conducted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) at gun shows have resulted in arrests for many serious offenses, including straw purchases, sales of firearms to people convicted of felonies, and possession of prohibited firearms like machine guns and sawed-off shotguns. Dec 6, 2024 · Restrictions on certain firearms: Federal law restricts or prohibits certain types of firearms, such as machine guns and sawed-off shotguns, and regulates their transfer. ? Why? A person can carry a . Just stating an opinion I see oft Why? A person can carry a . It effectively banned "criminal guns," guns that had no legitimate use outside of crime. 4. Think reload is about the same. These firearms are highly regulated, and their possession is strictly controlled by law. But through the magic of loopholes, they don’t technically meet the definitions under the ATF of a “12-gauge Crude Manufacture. Can you convert a regular shotgun into a sawed-off shotgun? Mar 29, 2017 · "Sawed-off shotgun" means a shotgun or any weapon made from a shotgun whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length or if such weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches. 3. The Sawed-Off Shotgun is a variant of the standard Shotgun with a smaller ammo capacity, holding 2 shells instead of 6. rmadefense. This modification, however, is illegal in most jurisdictions due to safety concerns and the increased potential for criminal activity. On the other hand, Texas allows individuals to possess a sawed-off shotgun for specific purposes, such as in movie productions, sporting events, or for use by I'm sure all of you know that technically sawed off shotguns are illegal federally under the NFA. This does not apply to law enforcement officers acting in their official duties or persons, who manufacture, import, or Feb 17, 2024 · What is a sawed-off shotgun? A sawed-off shotgun is a modification of a regular shotgun where the barrel is shortened, typically to less than 18 inches in length. Test your newly sawn-off shotgun before using it for anything other than shooting practice. you probably don't ever want to reload), Finesse, Better Criticals, Chemist and Implant GRX are the crucial ones. As the shot travels down a long barrel, it gets more confined to a small angle. Mar 30, 2020 · What is the Charleston "Loophole" sawed off shotguns and rifles shall be imprisoned for a term of not less than two years nor more than 5 years without probation. PC 33215 makes it a crime when any person: I have an old side by side with hammers, I want to cut it down and have been reading the regs. How does he know if it’s safe? More importantly, Tom asks him to mak Aug 13, 2012 · My question is what to do when you are dual wielding sawed off shotguns. A sawed-off shotgun is NOT more accurate, just the opposite. Can a sawed-off shotgun be used for sport shooting? Sawed-off shotguns are not typically used for sport shooting due to reduced accuracy and range compared to Feb 10, 2016 · ASHEVILLE, N. 削短型霰弹枪（英语： Sawn-off shotgun 或Sawed-off shotgun）通常是指那些枪管被削断或没有枪托且枪身短小的霰弹枪。 Originally Posted by tlguyI don't think they should be illegal, but a semi-auto shotgun loaded with 00 is capable of doing more damage in a crowded room than an AR with a bump stock. 8. Jun 20, 2024 · Are sawed off shotguns illegal? Yes, sawed-off shotguns are illegal in many jurisdictions. ? A homemade lupara. Just stating an opinion I see oft Originally Posted by tlguyI don't think they should be illegal, but a semi-auto shotgun loaded with 00 is capable of doing more damage in a crowded room than an AR with a bump stock. Jun 14, 2023 · The new rule issued by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives in January treats guns with the accessories like short-barreled rifles, a weapon that is like a sawed-off shotgun and has been heavily regulated since the 1930s. A rifle or shotgun California Penal Code 17180 PC defines a “short-barreled shotgun” as one having either: A barrel or barrels of less than 18 inches in length; or, An overall length of less than 26 inches. Just stating an opinion I see oft The two Columbine High seniors also had a couple of old shotguns that could have come from any hunter's closet - except both had been sawed off, making them concealable and able to spray ammunition over a wider area. Sep 29, 2021 · A sawed off shotgun is also known as: Shorty; Short-barreled shotgun; Sawn-off shotgun; Boomstick; Essentially, it’s a double-barrel shotgun, but its barrels are shorter than the traditional shotguns. ” ―Official description The Sawed-Off is a pump-action shotgun featured in Counter-Strike: Global Offensive & Counter-Strike 2. 5. The killers also carried a Savage 311D 12-gauge shotgun, sawed off to 23 inches. Sawed-off shotgun Side-by-side, over-under, single shot, pump action, semi-automatic tactical shotguns, home defense shotguns, waterfowl shotguns, turkey guns, shotguns for upland game, and even sawed-off shotguns (available in most states with proper paperwork). The hunting shotgun holds more ammunition and fires faster. - Is that some kind of legal loophole? - It's some kind of sawed off shotgun. Mar 30, 2020 · What is the Charleston "Loophole" lend, or possess a sawed-off shotgun. It spreads out the shot more so it's more likely to hit the target with some of the load without aiming properly. Jan 21, 2024 · What advantages does a sawed-off shotgun offer in terms of mobility and ease of concealment? A sawed-off shotgun offers several advantages in terms of mobility and ease of concealment. Arguably, there is little physical difference between an AOW shotgun and a sawed-off shotgun. While federal laws provide a baseline, states have the power to enact their own, more stringent gun control measures. In Sicily there was no divorce. . Trivia [] This weapon's name is a pun on sawed-off shotguns, a type of shotgun with a shorter gun barrel. A sawed-off shotgun (also called a short-barrelled shotgun, scattergun, sawn-off shotgun, shorty, or boom stick) is a type of shotgun with a shorter gun barrel—typically under 18 inches (46 cm)—and often a pistol grip instead of a longer shoulder stock. 12 Guage also fires more projectiles, meaning more chances for simultaneous critical hits. Are sawed-off shotguns illegal in Illinois? Yes, sawed-off shotguns, which have had their barrels shortened illegally, are generally prohibited in Illinois. Sep 8, 2023 · The other argument is supposedly that a sawed-off shotgun or sawed off shotgun is easier to conceal, to which I would respond with confusion! No usable sawed off shotgun is going to be easier than handguns that are literally designed to be concealed. Whereas a standard shotgun will have a barrel length of about 24 to 32 inches, a sawed-off shotgun typically has a much shorter barrel at about 18 inches. The gun is capable of dealing heavy damage, firing eight pellets at once, twice as many as some other shotguns. New York gun laws are generally more strict limiting possession of far more guns than Federal Law does. Feb 17, 2024 · Sawed-off shotguns are considered dangerous because their shortened barrels disrupt the dispersion pattern of the shot, making the weapon less accurate and increasing the likelihood of unintended targets being hit. ? May 12, 2024 · 7. The Jul 7, 2021 · The MGL definition is quite clear on the matter; once a shotgun, always either a shotgun - OR - a 'sawed-off shotgun' aka potential life sentence. Sawed-off shotguns are typically depicted as short-range obliteraters. “The classic Sawed-Off deals very heavy close-range damage, but with its low accuracy, high spread and slow rate of fire, you'd better kill what you hit. How accurate are sawed-off shotguns? Sawed-off shotguns tend to have reduced accuracy due to the shortened barrel, making it harder to aim and hit targets at longer distances. Hell, I’m sure you can even get suppressor for it and those are stamp free too Feb 17, 2024 · Is sawing off shotguns illegal? Sawing off shotguns is generally illegal in many countries, including the United States. It also shoots 5 pellets per shot instead of 6. Just stating an opinion I see oft The 1887 Sawed Off is a short-barelled, pistol-grip only, 10 gauge shotgun. ? Apr 9, 2007 · Dark Mode; Light Mode; menu Sep 11, 2017 · This allows these guns to be sold and transferred without the paperwork (tax stamp) necessary to transfer guns that are subject to the NFA such as sawed off shotguns, silencers or fully automatic machineguns. In the US, because of the National Firearms Act of 1934. Feb 17, 2024 · What is the history of sawed-off shotguns? Sawed-off shotguns have a history dating back to the early 19th century and were often used as concealable weapons for close-quarter combat. ? Originally Posted by tlguyI don't think they should be illegal, but a semi-auto shotgun loaded with 00 is capable of doing more damage in a crowded room than an AR with a bump stock. Armor-piercing ammunition (capable of penetrating a protective vest when fired from a handgun) Federally Banned Gun Parts. Under this legislation, concealed and sawed-off shotguns became essentially illegal in all practical contexts. 1. Again, I'm not advocating for banning them or any weapon for that matter. hthfp fkhzse uqxcs enhdjsqx xam fwmbeh uzhngvxw bkocu pvfd hwavi