This is the stage where most outdoor dogs, wild dogs, and working dogs sleep. If a cat sits on your lap but not your husband, it’s because he sees his primary caregiver as a mommy, This does not mean that he dislikes your husband, but it’s just how most cats are. In your pooch’s mind, you become vulnerable when you sleep. Feb 6, 2023 · Why Does My Dog Sleep on Me and Not My Husband. For example, a dog will most often sleep with the family Sep 25, 2020 · Exercise Your Dog. ’. Further reading: 15 Reasons Why Your Dog Sleeps On You And Not Your Husband #4: Your dog suffers from separation anxiety. It may seem strange to think about, but dogs choose sides when the situation warrants it. Apr 26, 2024 · Bed-sharing with a dog can have several positive effects on a person’s health. It’s important to pay attention to your dog’s body language and Further reading: Why does my dog sleep on me and not my husband? #8: Your dog finds comfort in your bed. Additionally, cuddling can release oxytocin, a hormone associated with bonding and relaxation. 3. Some indications of a shift in your dog’s behavior include: Sleeping in a different room than usual. Here are a few tips: 1. However, the snowball position tells you more than your dog is feeling cold and wishes to stay warm and comfy. Other times, it is the person who gives out snacks most Apr 3, 2020 · Some signs are subtler, and they’re easy to miss unless you know what to look for. Yes, your dog can sleep in bed with you, according to several studies and the opinions of sleep experts. Studies also showed that having a dog in bed can relieve Insomnia by altering hypervigilance (state of enhanced alertness) and hyperarousal (is an initial sign of post-traumatic stress disorder) in our body. He sees you as his pack leader and wants to lay on you for warmth and comfort. Go on an extra long walk/jog with your dog. This is why my dog lays on me if you are busy with something else and do not give them the desired object after Apr 28, 2024 · 2. This is a very vulnerable position for dogs, so your pet would have to be very comfortable. Dogs who sleep on their owners often do so because they feel safe and secure. So when your pupper doesn’t sleep with you anymore…. Prolonged eye contact is a sign of aggression in dogs that can spell trouble. Dogs in Stage 1 are barely sleeping. Not that it’s a problem or anything, but every single night my puppy sleeps on top of the sheets right between my legs. By following you around, your dog can stay close to its leader (you) and ensure that everything remains May 28, 2023 · First just go on the other side of the door. When the dog lays on your pillow, it is reassured by your smell. Ms. The Warmth and Security Factor. Nov 29, 2023 · For dogs that sleep under the bed due to anxiety or fear, identifying and addressing the root cause is crucial. Some cats are simply one-person cats. Sometimes possessiveness gets mistaken for protectiveness. It could also be an indication that they know the difference between your Mar 14, 2022 · Eight reasons that dogs jump on people. This is especially true if the behavior seems obsessive or anxious. Since the canines are pack animals, they need a pack leader or often referred to as “Alpha. Cheney is actually lucky that she was able to draw a line between Otis’s noise phobia and his unwillingness to go outside, Dr. 19. Your dog laying on you is his sign of trust and comfort. We know that the women’s voice is calm and sweet, while men have a deeper and louder voice. You’re not asking him to get off in this exercise. Dogs are very intuitive creatures and they can sense when we’re feeling stressed or anxious. If you have a deeper emotional bond with your dog, they may choose to sleep on your side of the bed as a way to express their trust and strengthen the bond between you [2]. When your dog suddenly changes their sleeping location, you might be concerned about their well-being. #4: Provide a cool and comfortable sleeping area. Jan 4, 2023 · 6. Because of a faster metabolism, the body temperature of dogs is a tick higher than that of their human owners. Twice in the last week she has come upstairs in the wee hours. Georgie says the side sleeper with the side eye combo gets you bonus points in cuteness. On the weekends I take over as much as possible, but over the past several months the dog has stopped pooping for me. Sep 1, 2022 · There are a number of reasons why your dog may prefer your husband over you. If you’re waking in the middle of the night to a purr Jul 6, 2024 · 3. Cat will sit with a person who cares for him and loves him the most. Ultimately, though, if your dog doesn’t feel like they Feb 26, 2023 · 7. 5°F (39. 2°C). Your light-sleeping canine will alert you to anything out of the ordinary, so you can rest easy Jul 11, 2023 · On Back, Paws in the Air. It’ll make you occupied. May 21, 2022 · Another reason your dog might be sleeping next to you is to strengthen their bond. Your dog may sleep on you and not your husband for various reasons, including comfort, familiarity, scent, or body temperature. It’s because your dog feels affection toward you and wants to be closer to you. Some pet owners believe their dogs sleep on top of them in bed because the animal loves them and wants to be close to them—and that's true, because canines are social animals and need companionship. In general, dogs don’t like eye contact. Perhaps not out of pleasure, but a bit out of intimidation. It might not be on purpose, but your husband could be agitating your dog through rough play. Keep Your Bedroom Clean and Clutter-Free. Mar 7, 2023 · Cats naturally seek out warm and cozy sleeping spots. The reason your dog follows you around rather than your husband could be that your dog is afraid of your husband. 2 8 Further Possible Reasons that Your Dog Sleeps on You. Shouting or getting too exaggerated with their actions. Dogs, for example, will sleep quite close to their owners to build their attachment with them. Jun 26, 2024 · Dogs sleep between their owner's legs for various reasons. That means their body temperature is beyond 102. Jul 24, 2011 · Dogs are equipped with sensitive ears and are extraordinarily capable of detecting such tones. Suppose you are sleeping in the room and the dog also lying on the bed or nearby floor. Dogs have an instinctual pack mentality, which is why they often follow their owners around the house. They Make Eye Contact. If you and your husband are arguing, your dog may want to be in the middle to diffuse the tension. Sleeping with your dog in bed can be cozy, but it’s a bit of a controversy. Keep them next to your bed so they are still with you sleep. Nov 9, 2022 · If one’s husband is fidgety in sleep and constantly changes positions, the cat will know that, and it will avoid sleeping next to him. They perceive the female voice as less firm when compared to a man’s. Domestic dogs do the same except they sleep at your feet and under the covers. Dogs, as you may be aware, establish a strong bond with their owners. Each context is separate and the dogs' desire for the resource in question figures into the response. Jan 25, 2018 · If your dog sleeps next to you on the floor right by your bed, it is likely a demonstration of their devotion to you. Mar 28, 2022 · The most common reason is that they simply love you more than your husband. Creating a bond takes time and effort. Loves Your Smell. Oct 17, 2023 · Why Does My Dog Sleep In Between Me And My Husband? 1) Jealousy or Possessiveness. They went from being wolves living in packs to dogs living in packs with humans. Secondly, it can help improve sleep quality. She will pee just fine, but then will wander around (leashed) sniffing things and trying to eat leaves and grass and will not poop no matter how much I try to encourage it. The primary reason dogs want to sleep with you is because they are dependent on you. Perhaps your pet doesn’t like the fragrance of your hubby’s body odor or his used lotion, aftershave, soap, beauty products, etc. Health: Sick dogs or those recovering from illness will sleep more Jun 1, 2024 · 1. It’s a common misconception that dogs sleep on their owner’s side of the bed because they are trying to assert dominance or take over the bed. Apr 9, 2024 · So, Why Does My Dog Sleep On Me & Not My Husband? Your dog might sleep on you instead of your husband due to a stronger emotional bond, comfort with your scent or warmth, or a preference for your sleeping habits. 2. And with you beside them, it’ll only get warmer due to your body heat. Jun 13, 2020 · Dogs were first domesticated at least 15,000 years ago (1). At night, one of the reasons they will sleep with you is warmth. Showing signs of restlessness or agitation. Some cats don’t like being Dec 27, 2023 · 3. You may also see how your cat will take their naps near the furnace. They will lay on you to offer security to you as you sleep. FYI, we raised together when he was 8weeks and my husband and simba plays well together ! Nov 19, 2016 · We have an 11-year-old lab mix who is not allowed upstairs (husband's rule, not mine!) She sleeps downstairs on her bed and until recently did not go upstairs at all. The stronger the bond the more comfortable they will be around you, and the more likely they are to sleep next to you. As with humans, the most common position for dogs is sleeping on their side. The first reason as to why your cat is sleeping with you is warmth. In the wild, many predators will attack their opponent’s neck, and it is difficult to defend from Mar 27, 2024 · Dogs that sleep with their bellies and legs in the air are confident and comfortable in their surroundings. Slowly increase the amount of time you're gone. Now take them to their crate and say “bedtime,” followed by pointing at the crate area. Or better still, play with them for extended periods until they wear out. These could be indicators of separation anxiety. Take the time to engage in bonding activities with your cat, whether cuddles and playtime. The first time (a few days ago) she was clearly agitated, so I assumed something had scared her, and brought her Sep 9, 2022 · There are many possible reasons why your dog might choose to sleep on you and not your husband. Counter conditioning. Often, this is simply a case of access Spend the money on the good memory foam type dog beds. Another reason why your dog may like to sleep between you and your husband is because they feel safe there. This sleeping position is quite similar to the fetal position seen in humans, and as such, it's suggestive of a dog trying to protect himself. Your Dog Feels Affection Toward You. This usually indicates that this person fulfills whatever the dog is looking for. Dogs’ behavior evolved from wolves’. This is especially true in the colder seasons. A dog is nervous, anxious or jealous. Nov 17, 2020 · Cats prioritize their safety and comfort, especially when it comes to sleep. Feb 16, 2022 · 1. Just in case something bad happens. Mar 15, 2023 · Encourage him to go and sleep with other householders because a lack of understanding about other family members would lead to such kind of an issue. If your dog sleeps between you and your husband, he feels safe sleeping between you. As a result, your bed may not be the most optimal place for them Jul 26, 2023 · If your pup insists on scurrying under the bed or a table to hide, there are a few likely explanations. If having an indoor cat or a dog that sleeps in your bed is important to you Why is that? My husband and I hug or kiss my dog starts to bark and beg me to hold him. 1. Jun 6, 2024 · The 11 Reasons Your Dog Won’t Sleep With You Anymore. Reward your dog with treats and praise for staying in that spot calmly. I understand that life can be busy. Dogs have a keen sense of smell, and they Mar 7, 2021 · Although you may sleep more snugly with three blankets on your bed, your dog may not. Nov 9, 2023 · Co-sleeping with your dog can also ease anxiety and provide a feeling of safety and security. Dog Feels Crowded. To keep the dog in the room, try crate-training Aug 1, 2023 · When you are gone at work, the dog feels very alone. Cats give love in different ways rather than dogs do. I've even tried walking her around the yard a few times Jun 5, 2024 · How much your dog may sleep depends on the following factors: Age: Puppies and senior dogs will sleep more than middle-aged dogs. The first thing you need to know in order to understand why your pup sleeps on top of you is that canines are pack animals just doesn’t like their ancient wolf ancestors. Studies have shown that dogs who cuddle with their owners have lower levels of cortisol, a hormone associated with stress. If they are seniors they will probably appreciate not having to jump up at bed time. Sleep apnea: Usually seen in short-snouted (bulldogs, mastiffs, and pugs) or obese dogs, dog sleep apnea restricts airflow while your pooch is sleeping and actually causes him to stop breathing, which jolts him awake. Your dog lays on you because sleeping next to you gives him a sense of comfort and warmth. Separation anxiety is a potential cause of hiding under the bed, especially if your dog does it when you’re not there. If your bedroom is full of clothes, papers, and other clutter, it’s likely that your cat will feel overwhelmed and stressed. Sometimes the warmth and ease you desire can make it too hot for your dog to sleep. Not only is your bed nice and warm with all the covers and blankets it has, but so are Dec 27, 2023 · Playing with my puppies before sleeping and getting tired also mitigate my anxiety. There is, of course, the obvious reason for this; violence. Which explains why your dog stays close to you during bedtime. You are holding something of interest. Emotional Bonds. And it isn’t necessarily because your dog likes you better. If you’re starting a new relationship, take time to discuss your values regarding pets. One reason your dog might be sleeping on you and not your husband is they’ve decided you need protecting more than he does. Your dog is trying to communicate with you: Dogs bark to communicate with their owners. This behavior is also known as pet favoritism. Remember, just because the dog defers once does not mean he will in another setting. The problem is, dogs have a very loose definition of ‘territory. Your Dog Sees Your Husband As Its Pack Leader. A dog is a puppy. It could be that you have a stronger bond, or they simply prefer the way you smell. They trust their owner and know that they will protect them from harm. Understanding this behavior can deepen the bond between you and your pet and make you both happier. In the wild, wolves move in packs. Mar 24, 2021 · One of these habits, seen in some but not all dog breeds, is a tendency to lock on to one specific member of the family, never leaving his or her side as they move about the house. Sep 16, 2022 · Fear. A plus is that a good sleeping pattern is excellent for you too. #4: Sleeping with your dog is not stressful “My bed is fully occupied. On top, when my husband and I lay together, my dog will come between us and if my husband try to push him my dog starts to growl at my husband. Sep 5, 2023 · 1. They usually favor the partner who provides them with the warmth and comfort they need in order to sleep. Because of this negative experience with them, your pooch might want to “save” you. Apr 4, 2024 · 3. The more you treat your cat how they want to be treated, the stronger the bond they will have with you. Being their reference figure, they feel that they can trust you and feel safe. Firstly, it can help reduce stress levels. If he growls at you anyway, walk past at a greater distance, and toss chicken. It takes patience and consistency to deal with serious anxiety and fear. Dogs have opinions on bed quality, just like humans do. #2: Provide plenty of time for play and exercise. #3: Establish routine. Your dog’s being protective of the family. When your dog is on top of you, it means a predator will have to go through them before they get to you. ”. Some cats like to be fussed a lot, some like to be left alone, some like to exchange head bunts, and so on. The behavior of some dogs shows that they are always anxious. Your dog could be sleeping in your bed because it’s comfortable for them. It will come and sleep next to the calmer person to find the comfort it needs while sleeping. They are happy when they are part of a family pack, which is why they often want to sleep on top of their owners at Dec 15, 2020 · Your dog could not want to sleep with you all of a sudden for a variety of reasons such as: undergoing a big life change, not being a cuddler, feeling more independent, restricted, hot or unwanted there, changing their preferences, getting old and therefore more sensitive, or the room being too loud. Dogs may be attracted to your sleeping spot if it’s soft, has a nice texture, or has a lot of plushies. The results of one study show that co-sleeping with dogs has a low chance of disturbing their dog parent’s sleep. Comfort and Warmth: Dogs are instinctively drawn to warmth for survival, especially during rest. As a result, they’ll stay close to you more often. That’s why they sleep between you and your husband. Off the top of my head, I can think of nine different reasons why a dog might jump up on their owners. Feb 23, 2023 · 1. If your dog always sleeps with you it means that they feel secure and confident in your presence. Then, Fido will also make use of convection. If your dog is barking at you but not your husband, it may be trying to tell you something, such as the need to go out to the toilet, especially if it’s usually you that takes them out. They’re Trying to Tell you that Something is Wrong. Dec 4, 2019 · If you do decide to remove a dog that’s accustomed to sleeping in a bed with you, first transition the dog to the floor, then outside of the room. Sometimes, it takes you away from your pawed Aug 23, 2016 · Practice Good Communication. Dogs Want Companionship. Dogs are naturally pack animals and they love to sleep with their pack. Anxious. Mar 28, 2023 · Here are the reasons why your dog might bark/growl at your husband: Attention-seeking, resource guarding, jealousy, lack of bonding with the husband, the dog thinking it is alpha, inappropriate body language of the husband, fear of the husband, seeing the husband as a playmate, and interrupting behavior. Reduce Loneliness: Jun 7, 2023 · 2. Protection and security. It Could be a Bad Habit. Keep in mind that it isn’t necessarily a Possible reasons why your dog lays close to you are that it is being protective, it makes it feel safer, it gets rewards when it does it, separation anxiety, it’s waiting for something or that it is just being affectionate. As a result, some dogs are more likely to respond to a man. They Love and Depend on You. Unquestionably my pet, like other Dogs, has a delicate and discriminating sense of smell. If you're not waking up From the dog's perspective, the encounter is over and if the human persists with reprimands or punishment, the dog may respond with fear and defensive behaviors. If they have trouble settling in the new bed put a pillow case, that’s been slept on, on their new bed. There are also other reasons why your dog wants to lay on you: 1. They Like Leaving Their Scent. If your dog is possessive of you, it is a serious problem and can be dangerous as possessive dogs get aggressive too. Sleeping between you and your partner offers your cat warmth, comfort, and a feeling of safety. ” Dec 27, 2023 · Yes, the reason might seem entertaining, but it’s one reason why my Dog sleeps on me and not my husband, which is the aroma. This first reason your dog is laying on you might be the best. Spend Time With Them. 6 6. It appears dogs follow similar sleep stages and sleeping habits as humans. So your dog keeps a close eye on you and your hubby. A dog is trying to dominate. Reason 1: Instinctual Pack Mentality. This is because dogs have a lot of buildup energy in their system. If you’d like to explore more about why your cat sleeps with you and not your husband, or if it’s the other way Jun 19, 2024 · Here are the possible reasons why your dog tends to do so: 1. Your Bed’s Not Comfy Enough. Oct 7, 2016 · 4 Reasons a Dog’s Behavior Changes ‘Out of the Blue’. If your bed is relatively small, or you’re sharing it with other pets or your partner, then your dog might be unable to stretch out and get comfortable. They pick one person that they love, and then they stick with them for the foreseeable future. Some dogs will lay on top of you in an attempt to grab your attention if they haven’t been fed or given goodies in a long time. This is especially true if the cats were raised Feb 29, 2024 · 1. Additionally, canines are creatures of habit and routine. In the wild, the more tightly they sleep, the better, because snuggling together offers warmth and protection. It might be because they’re feeling too hot in your bed. Apr 24, 2023 · 10 reasons why your dog sleeps on you and not your husband. I’ve tried to gently move her to the Sep 20, 2021 · Some sleep on top of you, while others take up residence in your lap. Sometimes, this person is the primary caregiver who feeds, walks, and plays with the dog. This loneliness is not present when the dog is in a pack as it would be naturally. Chances are, your dog won’t hesitate as it is already tired. It’s like a routine now. As social animals, dogs need a feeling of belonging with their affiliates, and Aug 21, 2023 · Signs of Change. 4 4. Ask your dog to stay, then close an inside door between you. It could be that your dog perceives your husband as being more alpha than you, and thus feels more comfortable following his lead. Put on your Jul 20, 2020 · Nightmares can be triggered by a trauma or linked to an overall anxiety disorder. If your dog has any fear and anxiety, choose a place where he feels safe. The reasons for this are strongly based on the type of relationship you have with your dog. Your dog sleeps at your feet under the covers because of their natural instincts. Healthy dogs will follow their guardians and sleep beside them in certain circumstances where they feel insecure. However, there are also many other reasons your dog could be fearful of your husband aside from your husband physically harming your dog. Apr 12, 2024 · Familiarity Breeds Contempt. When your dog snoozes on his side with his legs extended, it means he’s feeling calm, content, and perfectly safe in his environment. [ 1] In other words, most dog breeds sleep in packs or groups, especially in the wild. Exercising your dog is an excellent way to burn this energy, thereby making it feel fatigued and have an easier time sleeping. If your body provides more warmth than your husband's, your dog may prefer Misc. Dogs, much like humans, can experience feelings of jealousy or possessiveness. You are the central figure of the house to them and thus need to be protected from everyone else. A lot of times, a dog will try not to budge from the house, and it’s not necessarily apparent that noise phobia is Aug 30, 2023 · Dogs are smart animals and will often single out one person to follow, sometimes even to the exclusion of others. Feb 16, 2010 · Canned chicken, rinsed and drained, is my preferred treat for counter-conditioning. Most dogs have some level of instinct to guard and protect their people. It is usually seen in new dogs, even if moved to a new home. Does your dog always sleep next to you or in the same room? There are many reasons why dogs choose to sleep beside or close to their guardians. Aug 26, 2020 · Warmth. Since there are many possible reasons why it sleeps next to you, there are a number of things you can consider to help . For Comfort And Warmth. Alternatively, it could be that your husband provides more consistent leadership and structure for your dog, making him feel safe and Mar 1, 2023 · However, if your husband is feeling left out of the feline love, then here are some suggestions to even up his chances and strengthen their feline-owner bond. They want to enhance their relationships and will do anything to do so. The Side Sleeper. This behavior is rooted in a dog’s natural desire to be part of a group and feel secure within it. In many breeds, the belly isn’t covered with the same amount of fur. Of course, there are pros and cons to consider whether or not your dog should sleep in your bed. If a dog’s territory began and ended with the yard, it would be one thing. For many dogs, hiding under a bed or table out of sight can Jan 24, 2024 · Yes, cuddling with your dog can have a positive effect on their emotional well-being. The warmth and security provided by their owner, along with trust, attachment, and dominance assertion, make this a favorite spot for many dogs. Seeking a more isolated area for sleeping. One of the biggest reasons that humans bred dogs was for companionship. 5 5. They love routine and predictability in their lives. It is able to relax better and it helps stave off the loneliness brought on by your perpetual departure for the day. With your dog on the bed, walk casually past and toss a few bits of chicken to him on the bed. This is also one of the easiest ways to solve the issue. This factor is a major reason why some dogs exhibit such behavior. In some cases, both partners in a couple walk and feed the dog equally, yet the dog still prefers one partner over the other. In reality, dogs often sleep on their owner’s side of the bed because they love their smell and find comfort in being close to them. Your dog is probably seeking a cooler position to sleep. At bedtime she’ll jump on the bed, wait for me to get in, and before I’m even settled in myself she crawls into her cozy spot right between my legs. If your dog consistently chooses to sleep between you and your husband, it might be their way of marking their territory or ensuring they remain the center of attention. Pack Instincts. Your mattress might be too soft, it might be too hard, and there might be too many decorative pillows on it—the possibilities are endless. Which is the transfer of heat. Feb 26, 2021 · If an ‘intruder’ enters a dog’s territory, it can trigger their fear response… something that’s usually a one-way ticket to barking, snapping, and other aggressive behavior. Credit: Boris Jovanovic / Getty Images. It’s also a way for the dog to protect its owner, as they feel responsible for Jan 3, 2022 · To stop your dog from growling at your husband, teaching the ‘settle’ command can be very helpful: Start by choosing a quiet, comfortable spot for your dog to settle. Borns-Weil says. Anxious Behaviors: Watch for signs like whining, barking, or destructive behavior when you’re not around. One of the most effective ways of dealing with your dog’s aggressive nature is taking it out for exercise. For this reason it is easy to see why your dog might follow you everywhere. To help explain this odd conduct, below we will briefly answer the question, “why does my dog follow me everywhere and not my husband. Movement in the bed could also disturb your dog’s sleep. Here are seven ways dogs “say” they love you. Noise phobia. This position is reminiscent of the old days when dogs were puppies and used to sleep in a den. Your dog can feel your body, smell your scent, and feel your lungs as they rise and fall with every breath. To make your cat’s sleep space more comfortable, try to keep You can do this 30 mins before bedtime. They sleep next to each other to provide warmth and protection. Encourage your dog to lie down in that spot and say ‘settle’ in a calm voice. They Love Private Spaces. If you don’t want to share your bed with your cat, you can try some gentle and respectful ways to move them to a comfortable alternative. A cluttered bedroom can be stressful for humans, and it can also be stressful for cats. Jun 28, 2024 · 5. Reappear after a few seconds. 4 How to Get Your Pooch to Stop Using you as a Bed. And keep you away from your husband. Lifting them and throwing them up in the air. The cat probably had a couple of nights of disturbed sleep with your husband before deciding to sleep by your side. Laying on you protects you from potential harm, and it also offers them the same perks. It’s possible that your dog may associate you with positive experiences, such as receiving affection, treats, or comfort, making you a preferred sleeping Jan 22, 2024 · 1. Dogs are known to have a calming effect on their owners, and falling asleep with a dog can help reduce anxiety and promote relaxation. Your dog has a request for you. Territorial. As mentioned, they are instinctual pack animals and can pick up on any emotional shifts in relationships between family members. Dec 27, 2023 · Sometimes, a dog’s tendency to follow their owner can be a sign of separation anxiety. Dec 17, 2023 · There are many reasons why your dog may wake you up in the middle of the night, but one of the most common is that she needs to pee. Noise phobias can also cause dogs to hide. 3 How to Determine Why Your Pup Sleeps on You. Your guard is down and you’re not aware of your surroundings. If your dog considers you the leader of the pack, he will likely want to sleep close to you. This can be achieved if you and your dog sleep together every day at the same and right time. 5 tips on what to do if your dog sleeps by the front or bedroom door (at night) #1: Train your dog using positive reinforcement. And they are: A dog is excited. This can cause some dogs to find another resting place so they can fully relax. Humans and dogs have a mutually beneficial relationship Feb 19, 2023 · Dogs display complex social behaviors – a remnant of their wolf ancestry. A dog is bored. It helps them feel safe. yt ki xo pv ji rq xa vm nk jz