Toluene cancerogeno. ru/xyaqky/paragraph-with-questions-for-class-3.

ATSDR can also tell you the location of occupational and environmental health clinics. Il toluene è scarsamente solubile in acqua mentre è solubile in etanolo, etere etilico, benzene e cloroformio. Reagent-grade toluene is available with a purity of greater than 99% (Aldrich Chemical Co. Regulatory information United States of America Inventory Dec 17, 2019 · It is necessary to control the emissions of toluene, which is hazardous to both human health and the atmosphere environment and has been classified as a priority pollutant. (1985) strongly indicate that benzene is an experimental carcinogen. It is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the odor associated with paint thinners. 5. CAS number: 108-88-3. 2 Usi identificati pertinenti della sostanza o della miscela e usi sconsigliati Usi identificati : Chimici di laboratorio, Produzione di sostanze chimiche Toluene MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Toluene Catalog Codes: SLT2857, SLT3277 CAS#: 108-88-3 RTECS: XS5250000 TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Toluene CI#: Not available. and Maltoni et al. LD50 of toluene for oral route is LD50>5000 mg/kg, for dermal route is LD50> 5000 mg/kg, and for inhalation route LC50> OR = 20mg/L. 829) CAS No. Subcutaneous injections of toluene (50, 500 mg/kg) or DES (2 mg/kg) were administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 10 days in order to lower their blood Jun 26, 2024 · Inhaling, or huffing, chemicals such as gasoline, paint thinner and adhesives containing toluene and benzene produces a high similar to alcohol intoxication — loss of inhibition, slurred speech, euphoria, dizziness and disorientation. , 1929, 51, 2738. may be harmful if swallowed. It may also cause cardiac arrhythmia. INDICE : 601-021-00-3 Num. However, gas sensors based on pure MOS have certain limitations in selectivity, operating TOLUENE reacts vigorously with allyl chloride or other alkyl halides even at -70°C in the presence of ethyl aluminum dichloride or ethyl aluminum sesquichloride. identification product name: toluene chemical family: aromatic hydrocarbon cas # 108-88-3 synonyms: toluene, toluol, methylbenzene 2. TCE is the most commonly reported groundwater contaminant, and aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are believed to be responsible for the endogenous remediation Apr 7, 2024 · Efficient sensors for toluene detecting are urgently needed to meet people’s growing demands for both environment and personal health. Abstr. Explosions have been reported [NFPA 491M 1991]. Benzene and toluene fatalities J Occup Med. [1] It is suspected to be carcinogenic in humans. Causes skin irritation. It is produced in the process of making gasoline and other fuels from crude oil and in making coke from coal. Only certain types of facilities were , The heat capacity of toluene from 14 deg K to 298 deg K. Individuals with different immunogenetic backgrounds have different sensitivities to toxic chemical exposure. The uses of benzene as a solvent are now restricted in 3 days ago · Reactions of Toluene. OTO –Ototoxicant. 6 °C (231. Toluene was first isolated by Pierre-Joseph Pelletier (1788–1842) and Philippe Walter (1810–1847) in 1837. Apr 13, 1999 · VOL. 26471-62-5. 957: Besley and Bottomley, 1974: Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. , J. 9–9. The higher the octane number or rating, the greater the fuel’s resistance to knocking or pinging during combustion. Gruppo 1: cancerogeno. Toluene occurs naturally in crude oil and in the tolu tree. However, efficient conversion of toluene under mild and sustainable conditions is a thought-provoking task. While the Occupational Safety and Health Administration Mar 27, 2017 · Crystals appeared within two days, and grew to a maximum size of 200 × 100 × 200 μm. Office of Innovation and Analytics, Toxicology Section. , 1988). Asia Pacific. Soc. May cause genetic defects. Optimized 3D Structure Images of Toluene. Toluene affects the central nervous system, eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys. , Time-resolved photodissociation of toluene ion [E o (C 6 H 5 CH 3 + Ü C 7 H 7 + + H)=2. It is highly flammable and can be harmful to human health if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin in large amounts. Toluene and xylene. Gruppo 2A: probabilmente cancerogeno. Toluene is a clear, colorless liquid which becomes a vapor when exposed to air at room temperature. © IARC 1965-2024 — All Rights Reserved Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment; Δ f H° gas: 50. As the upstream crude price witnessed an upsurge due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict resulting in the price hike in the Toluene market. " Sep 23, 2005 · Basis: Under the Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (U. Chemical, physical and thermal properties of toluene, also called methylbenzene, toluol and phenylmethane. The methyl group of toluene is a side chain in the aromatic ring structure and is oxidised to the carboxyl group in the presence of a strong oxidising agent. Available in various quantities and reagent grades, it is used as a precursor to benzene, a solvent, an octane booster in gasoline, etc. Furthermore, there was a positive relationship between neurological abnormalities and a self-reported neuropsychiatric measurement (r = 0. (79654) Toluene: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. g. CAS : 108-88-3 1. The oxidation of toluene forms benzaldehyde which can sostanzialmente da un agente cancerogeno all'altro (ad esempio, 100 tumori su 1. General health effects include lethality, growth, morbidity, liver and kidney damage and miscellaneous effects. aspiration hazard. Henceforth, the cost of Toluene in the USA settled at USD 1225 per MT in March 2022. 1Exposure data. For more information, contact: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 3 Raccomandazioni per gli addetti all'estinzione degli incendi In caso di incendio e/o esplosione non respirare i fumi. : 71 (1999) (p. Synonyms: Aantisal 1a; Methacide; Methyl-benzene; Methylbenzol; Monomethyl benzene; Phenyl methane; Toluol; Tolu-sol. Toluene has a low acute toxicity. Toluene, C6 H5 -CH3, is a clear colorless liquid, highly flammable with a sweet, pungent aromatic odor. 89: 4. May cause damage to the central nervous system by inhalation. View. Toluene is made only Jan 1, 2024 · Toluene poisoning manifests as distal renal tubular acidosis type 1 (RTA-1), which is commonly characterized as hyperchloremic with a normal anion-gap, hypokalemia, and muscular paralysis. Its chemical formula is that of methylbenzene, C 6 H 5 CH 3. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. IUPAC Standard InChIKey: YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy CAS Registry Number: 108-88-3 Chemical structure: This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 100 ppm (375 mg/m 3) 10-hour TWA; 150 ppm (560 mg/m 3) STEL. May 4, 2011 · In addition, workers who were continuously exposed to toluene had a lower mean platelet count (216 ± 41 × 10 6 /µL) than workers who were intermittently exposed (252 ± 40 × 10 6 /µL), (p = 0. ; Dunbar, R. - Non ’è alun in entio a minimizzare l'esposizione al di sotto di un VLEP in olante Toluene boiling point at atmospheric pressure is 110. Scheda dati di sicurezza. Toluene is a liquid, which is colourless, water Notice: Except where noted, spectra from this collection were measured on dispersive instruments, often in carefully selected solvents, and hence may differ in detail from measurements on FTIR instruments or in other chemical environments. 6°C. REACH : 01-2119471310-51-XXXX N. Oct 14, 2022 · Toluene is a gasoline additive that can be used to improve octane ratings for fuel used in race cars and other automobiles. Exposure to toluene occurs from breathing contaminated workplace air, in automobile exhaust, some consumer products paints, paint thinners, fingernail polish Toluene is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive smell. 11 eV; cited data derived using evaluated IP for toluene. This infographic presents the categories used by the IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans to classify a substance according to the level of certainty that the substance can cause cancer. 13 to 297. Synonym: Toluol, Tolu-Sol; Methylbenzene; Methacide; Phenylmethane; Methylbenzol Chemical Name: Toluene Chemical Formula: C6-H5-CH3 or C7-H8 Toluene is a clear, colourless liquid with a distinctive smell. Toluene is used in making paints, paint World Health Organization Oct 14, 2022 · Benzene and toluene metabolites were significantly and positively associated with hypertriglyceridemia. 0) after 90 min. Presenta sei atomi di carbonio ibridato sp 2 Long-term toluene exposure is often associated with effects such as: psychoorganic syndrome; [24] visual evoked potential (VEP) abnormality; [24] toxic polyneuropathy, cerebellar, cognitive, and pyramidal dysfunctions; [23] [24] optic atrophy; hearing disorders [25] [26] and brain lesions. Toluene is a colorless liquid which has good dissolution properties. These findings suggest that environmental exposure to benzene and toluene disrupts lipid metabolism in human … Toluene. A series of time-dependent IR spectra of the reaction over the sample was sequentially recorded with a temperature interval of 10 °C from 50 to 400 °C in O 2 and "Upper bound risk for 2,4 toluene diamine (TDA) and dibutyl diacetate (DBTA) in FAPs 8B3370 and 8B3371 quantitative risk. 1° F]) is a colourless, flammable, toxic liquid, insoluble in water but soluble in all common organic solvents. Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens. " CSFAN/FDA internal memorandum, cited in CDRH Risk Assessment Committee Report, " Potential carcinogenic risk from release of 2,4-TDA from the polyester polyurethane foam covering of silicone gel-filled breast implants . 3-MCPD ( 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol or 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol) is an organic chemical compound with the formula HOCH 2 CH (OH)CH 2 Cl. It also caused cancer of the nasal cavity (squamous-cell carcinoma) in rats of both sexes and gallbladder cancer (carcinoma) in male guinea pigs ( IARC 1976; NCI Dec 21, 2021 · CAS No. Death can result. 2,4-Dinitrotoluene ( DNT) or dinitro is an organic compound with the formula C 7 H 6 N 2 O 4. [ all data ] Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995 Nov 28, 2023 · Toluene is a clear, flammable, aromatic hydrocarbon liquid with a smell similar to benzene. Multiple studies of humans chronically exposed to mixtures of solvents containing toluene provide supporting evidence for toluene-mediated hearing loss, but concurrent exposure to other solvents limits the conclusions that can be drawn about toluene toxicity. 1907/2006 (REACH) modificato con 2020/878/UE. May 10, 2024 · Ingestion: Can cause effects as described for inhalation. As toluene is an aromatic compound, it is less susceptible to an oxidation reaction. 87 g/cm³ at room temperature and pressure and a boiling point of 110. Toluene biotransformation leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative stress and DNA damages. This structural difference leads to variations in their physical and chemical properties, such as Huang, F. 69 has been used as model compound in studies carried out to decipher the molecular mechanisms of solvent tolerance in Pseudomonas, although the effect of butanol and ethanol especially in Escherichia coli strains has become the focus of intense study due to the use of these alcohols in the bioenergy industry No respiratory effects were reported in mice or rats after oral exposure to toluene at dosage levels up to 2,500 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks or 590 mg/kg/day for 6 months. 1°F), and hence, t oluene must be pressurized to remain liquid at higher temperatures than that. In addition, many naturally occurring antioxidants are Nov 21, 2023 · Toluene Formula. It is a colorless liquid. This volume presents an evaluation of the carcinogenicity of benzene, updating the most recent evaluation provided in Volume 100F of the IARC Monographs. Ingestion of toluene can lead to a swollen liver, depression of the central nervous system (CNS), congestion and hemorrhage of the lungs and necrosis of myocardial fibres. First listed in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (1985) Also known as TDI; 1,3-diisocyanatomethyl benzene; isocyanic acid, methyl- m -phenylene ester; or tolylene diisocyanate. Toluene. Toluene will readily evaporate into the air or be degraded by microorganisms in surface waters. vapor may cause flash fire. The substance identifiers displayed in the InfoCard are the best available substance name, EC number, CAS number and/or the molecular and structural formulas. The data listed in Table 5-1 are derived from the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI15 2016). C. No changes in lung weight or histology were reported in female mice exposed to 600 mg/kg/day via gavage for 14 days, compared with controls. Immediate effects include narcosis, fatigue, sleepiness, headache, nausea. Catalytic efficiencies of MnMoO4 nanomaterials were evaluated by direct 25 avenue Tony Garnier CS 90627 69366 LYON CEDEX 07 France 33 (0)4 72 73 84 85 . The hallmarks of toluene intoxication are distal renal tubular acidosis type 1 (RTA-1), classically described as hyperchloremic with a normal anion-gap, as well as hypokalemia and muscle paralysis . Oxidation of Toluene. Gruppo 3: non classificabile come cancerogeno. Effects of Long-Term (Chronic) Exposure: Can cause dry, red, cracked skin (dermatitis) following skin contact. o-Xilene ≥98 %, per sintesi codice articolo: 8749 Italia (it) Pagina 4 / 21. Chamblee, GA 30341-3717. Improves Fuel Efficiency: When used as a fuel additive, toluene increases the octane rating of gasoline, helping engines run more efficiently. Choose the actual unit of temperature: °C ChemicalBook Provide Toluene(108-88-3) 13C NMR,IR2,MS,IR3,IR,1H NMR,Raman,ESR,13C NMR,Spectrum . , 2008: There are sufficient high-quality literature values to make a good evaluation with a high degree of confidence. It has a density 0. May be drawn into the lungs if swallowed or vomited, causing severe lung damage. When added to a tank of sulfur dichloride, the tank over pressurized and ruptured in a Huang, F. Toluene is an organic, water-insoluble, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of a CH3 group attached to a phenyl group. 1: kJ/mol: Review: Roux, Temprado, et al. Versatile Chemical Precursor: Toluene serves Nome del prodotto : Toluene Codice del prodotto : 244511 Marca : Sigma-Aldrich N. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Chem. Phone: 1-800-CDC-INFO 888-232-6348 (TTY) Email: Contact CDC-INFO. Crystals of T4moH were submerged in neat toluene for several seconds to obtain the substrate bound enzyme Toluene will readily evaporate into the air or be degraded by microorganisms in surface waters. Leaking underground storage tanks can contaminate the soil with toluene and other petroleum-product components. benzene volume 120 benzene iarc monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans Jan 1, 2013 · Toluene, with a logP ow of 2. Effective Solvent: Toluene dissolves a wide range of organic compounds, making it valuable in producing paints, coatings, and adhesives. -S. There are currently 2,198 facilities that produce, process, or use toluene in the United States. Dec 19, 2018 · IARC Monographs Volume 120: Benzene. Isomers also known as toluene-2,4-diisocyanate and toluene-2,6-diisocyanate. Temperature. A brief description of chemical properties and environmental prevalence is given, followed by a review of pharmacokinetic data. Am. However, urinary ttMA and BMA levels were negatively associated with high LDL-C levels. As a volatile solvent, misuse or abuse is common, resulting in an acute toxidrome. Toluene is a naturally occurring compound derived primarily from petroleum or petrochemical processes. Toluene undergoes alkylation in the presence of modified ZSM (Zeolite Socony Mobil)-5-class zeolite catalysts to form p-xylene with high selectivity. For example, using microPET, [ 84] it has been shown that acute and repeated toluene exposure markedly reduces metabolic function in rat brain. Benzene Eating foods or drinking fluids contaminated with high levels of benzene can cause vomiting, stomach irritation, dizziness, sleepiness, convulsions, and rapid heart rate. 6° C [231. nel rispetto del regolamento (CE) n. Jun 1, 2023 · Toluene gas was bubbled into the reactor with oxygen flow (30 mL/min), and the corresponding sample spectrum was recorded until the catalyst was saturated with adsorbed toluene. The second, rapid half-life time of elimination ( t½β) was 40 min (range, 25–71 min). 1. In extreme cases, inhaling or swallowing very high levels of benzene can be deadly. Chemical properties. Il toluene o metilbenzene è un derivato del benzene avente formula C 6 H 5 CH 3 in cui al posto di un atomo di idrogeno è presente un gruppo metilico. may cause respiratory tract, eye and skin irritation. Occupational exposure to toluene is extensive and occurs in its production and during the General health effects of toluene are also discussed in more limited detail. Toluene is a common component in gasoline, glues, and paint products. Un agente carcinogeno o cancerogeno, (rispettivamente dal greco Καρκίνος o dal latino Cancer, granchio, col suffissoide -geno, dal greco Γένεσις, genesi, che genera cancro) è un fattore chimico, fisico o biologico (molecola o miscela chimica, radiazione, agente virale, batterico, fungino, animale, condizione di esposizione) in grado di causare tumori o favorirne l'insorgenza e Jun 16, 2023 · hazard classification. Suspects of damaging the unborn child by inhalation. Jul 20, 2021 · Oxidation of toluene (an organic pollutant), into useful chemical products, is of great interest nowadays. Manganese oxide-based (Mn-based) catalysts have received increased attention due to their high catalytic performance, good physicochemical characteristic, availability in various crystal structures and morphologies, and Toluene is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive smell. We are told blandly by the US Department of Health that ‘ingestion of approximately 60 millilitres of toluene proved fatal for a white male mental patient,’ and like many organic solvents, because of its impact on the central nervous system where it alters neurotransmitter binding, toluene can cause unfortunate reactions Aug 18, 2015 · Toluene is metabolized by cytochrome p-450 into benzoic acid and hippuric acid, these are excreted by the kidney [8, 9]. Toluene has a molecular formula of C7H8, while xylene has a molecular formula of C8H10. Authors Table 5-1 lists the facilities in each state that manufacture or process toluene, the intended use, and the range of maximum amounts of toluene that are stored on site. Overview. J. 1 ± 1. Products that may contain toluene-such as paint, metal cleaners and IUPAC Standard InChIKey: YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy CAS Registry Number: 108-88-3 Chemical structure: This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file Apr 20, 2023 · Toluene is a member of the aromatic hydrocarbon family, which means it contains a benzene ring in its molecular structure. 35-0. The ‘Substance identity’ section is calculated from substance identification information from all ECHA databases. This pale yellow crystalline solid is well known as a precursor to trinitrotoluene (TNT) but is mainly produced as a precursor to toluene diisocyanate . This classification does not indicate the level of risk associated with exposure. Long-term exposure to the liquid can cause neurological damage. It is a component of gasoline, vehicle exhaust, industrial emissions, and tobacco smoke, and was used historically as a solvent in industry and consumer products. [23] The neurotoxic effects of long-term use (in Toluene is toxic. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) is pleased to announce that the IARC Monographs volume on benzene is now available online. Toluene is typically used in a mixture with other solvents and chemicals such as paint pigments. Using the geometry optimization results, high-quality images of 3D molecular structures have been prepared for toluene in 3 different models, namely, stick, ball & stick, and space-filling, which provide not only the basic structure information but also a physically meaningful configuration (e. Environmental Protection Agency priority pollutant TCE (22, 23, 28, 29, 37, 47). Summary of Data Reported and Evaluation. GHS Toluene Labels. May 24, 2024 · Benefits of Toluene. It is a good solvent (a substance that can dissolve other substances). There is evidence that exposure to toluene at work is Toluene Revision Date 25-Dec-2021 TDG UN-No UN1294 Proper Shipping Name TOLUENE Hazard Class 3 Packing Group II IATA UN-No UN1294 Proper Shipping Name TOLUENE Hazard Class 3 Packing Group II IMDG/IMO UN-No UN1294 Proper Shipping Name TOLUENE Hazard Class 3 Packing Group II 15. The ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV) was established in 2006. Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS)-based sensors have become brilliant candidates for the detection of toluene because of their superior performance over gas sensing. 018). The toluene molecular formula is C 7 H 8. ) at the lowest energy Toluene is a clear, colourless liquid with a benzene-like odour. 000 lavoratori esposti al cromo VI nei procedimenti di saldatura contro 4 tumori su 1. Molecular formula: C 7 H 8. Usi. Toluene reacts with many other chemical compounds and can be used in different chemical reactions. It is also called methylbenzene, indicating that a methyl group has been added to one of benzene’s carbon atoms. The output density is given as kg/m 3, lb/ft 3, lb/gal (US liq) and sl/ft 3 . Breathing high levels of toluene during pregnancy has been shown to result in children with birth defects and to retard mental abilities and growth. Toluene easily evaporates and forms volatile explosive vapors. Toluene is an industrial chemical produced in high volume, that is used in blending gasoline and as a solvent. Carl Roth - International | Homepage While only limited evidence of benzene carcinogenicity in experimental animals exists, the recent findings of the National Toxicology Program (NTP, 1984) in the U. : 108-88-3 Chem. Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment; Δ f H° gas: 50. A4 —Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen. Of the inhaled toluene, 51% (range, 48–56) was absorbed, leading to a steady-state blood concentration of 5. Toluene occurs naturally in crude oil and in the tolú tree. It is also produced in the process of making gasoline and other fuels from crude oil and making coke from coal. Toluene is used in making paints, paint thinners, fingernail polish, lacquers, adhesives, and rubber and in Apr 14, 2000 · Toluene dioxygenase and other toluene-oxidizing enzymes detoxify the suspected carcinogen and U. Reazioni. A. May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways. To view TLV and Documentation, you must be logged in as an ACGIH member Dec 21, 2021 · Administration of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water caused benign or malignant liver tumors (hepatocellular adenoma or carcinoma) in mice of both sexes, female rats, and male guinea pigs. Toluene (), also known as toluol (), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C6H5CH3, often abbreviated as PhCH3, where Ph stands for phenyl group. This Public Health Statement summarizes the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry’s (ATSDR) findings on toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), including chemical characteristics, exposure risks, possible health effects from exposure, and ways to limit exposure. Gruppo 2B: possibilmente cancerogeno. Toluene consists of a single methyl group attached to a benzene ring, whereas xylene has two methyl groups attached to different positions on the benzene ring. Toluene is used in these applications because it is dense and contains significant energy per unit of This Public Health Statement summarizes the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry’s (ATSDR) findings on toluene, including chemical characteristics, exposure risks, possible health effects from exposure, and ways to limit exposure. S. 4770 Buford Highway. 23679: 1426. The compound has attracted notoreity as the most common member of chemical food contaminants known as chloropropanols. Here, we report MnMoO4 nanomaterials (CH1–CH2), synthesized through a very facile solvothermal approach. EPA, 2005), there is inadequate information to assess the carcinogenic potential of toluene because studies of humans chronically exposed to toluene are inconclusive, toluene was not carcinogenic in adequate inhalation cancer bioassays of rats and mice exposed for life (CIIT, 1980 NTP, 1990 Huff, 2003), and increased incidences Toluene exposure may cause liver and kidney damage. NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 500 ppm. After the identification of some of toluene’s molecular actions, several research groups studied metabolic and neurochemical changes associated with toluene exposure. Name: Methylbenzene. 000 laoratori esposti all’ossido di etilene). The toluene formula shows that its molecule is composed of a total of seven carbon atoms and eight hydrogen atoms. Chronic low-level occupational or industrial exposure to toluene can cause toxicity. L’alcol, il benzene, la naftalina usata come antitarme negli armadi, ma anche farmaci come la ciclosporina, impiegata per impedire il rigetto in caso di trapianto anche in alcuni tipi di tumore: tutte queste sostanze hanno in comune l’appartenenza al gruppo 1 della IARC. Sintesi. Classificazione IARC delle sostanze cancerogene. [2] [3] It is also used in nail products to suspend the color and form a smooth finish across the nail. Mass Spectrom. Modeling uncertainties give considerable latitude in the assignment of kinetic parameters. Toluene, aromatic hydrocarbon used extensively as starting material for the manufacture of Abstract. Phase diagram included. hazards identification emergency overview flammable liquid and vapor. Toluene prices witnessed an upward trajectory in the first quarter of 2022. 0 µM (range, 2. 448-45. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl group Mar 20, 2023 · LD means lethal dose. L’agenzia dell’OMS, con sede a Lione, in base ai risultati degli Jul 5, 2024 · Pure toluene (melting point, -95° C [-139° F]; boiling point, 110. When doped on graphene, it acts as an electron donor leading to alteration in graphene electrical properties due to electrochemical interaction. Toluene, found naturally in crude oil and in the tolu tree, is added to gasoline [2] and is used in the making of many products including paint thinners, adhesives, rubber and hair dyes. Technical grades (90–120°C boiling range) are less pure and may contain up to 25% benzene as well as other hydrocarbons (Clement Apr 11, 2016 · Chimicamo. Toluene is also used in the production of other chemicals such as benzene, xylenes, and TNT. Some substance identifiers may have been claimed Jul 5, 2024 · Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans: 129 agents: Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans 96 agents: Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans: 321 agents: Group 3 Toluene is marketed principally as nitration and industrial grades, its purity being dependent on the specific gravity and boiling range of the product (Hoff, 1983). , bond lengths, bond angles, etc. Toluene is less dense than water and is slightly soluble in water . Aspiration hazard. Mar 25, 2015 · toluene 1. Synthetic or naturally occurring antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate sodium L-ascorbate, and α-tocopherol have been widely used as food additives in various processed foods to prevent auto-oxidation of fatty acids. Toluene - Thermophysical Properties. Toluene vapor has a sharp or sweet odor, which is a sign of exposure. The chemical formula of toluene can be written as C6H5CH3. Toluene is readily broken down to other chemicals by microorganisms in the soil. The TLV for toluene was established to protect Toluene definition: A colorless flammable aromatic liquid, C 7 H 8 , obtained from coal tar or petroleum and used in aviation fuel and other high-octane fuels, in dyestuffs, explosives, and as a solvent for gums and lacquers. ], Int. Jan 11, 2024 · Toluene is a simple benzene derivative also known as methylbenzene, phenylmethane, or toluol. the entropy and the free energy of formation. Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment; 273. Chemical structure: TLV–TWA, 20 ppm. Gli agenti e le circostanze esposte in questo elenco sono state classificate come gruppo 1 dall' Agenzia internazionale per la ricerca sul cancro (IARC Oct 26, 2017 · Benzene, an aromatic hydrocarbon, is a ubiquitous air pollutant, arising mostly from anthropogenic sources, notably combustion. Three of the women were rapid hydroxylators and three were slow hydroxylators. 1971 May;13(5):259-61. Most inhalants are central nervous system depressants that are addicting physically and psychologically. Specific weight is given as N/m 3 and lb f / ft 3. Toluene in surface soils rapidly evaporates into the air. LD50 is the amount of substance that, when given as a single dose, results in the death of half of the test animals. jr zc da yh eb kk ar xi kf bl