Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are small molecule drugs that function as either androgen receptor (AR) agonists or antagonists. The majority of these compounds lack the structural functionalities of the original anabolic steroids and are sometimes termed nonsteroidal androgens. Our products promise unmatched purity and efficacy, backed by rigorous academic research. GTx and Veru, the current owner of license to enobosarm, obtained tables, listing, and figures from Cmed Clinical Research Services. In connection with his Sep 29, 2021 · Best Sarms SARMS for Sale on the Market. It is not approved for human use, which makes it an unapproved drug. MK-677 works by increasing the levels of Jul 7, 2023 · The labels on Sarms bottles carry disclaimers including "research purposes only" and "not for human consumption" The products sold cost about £40 for 60 pills - to be taken once or twice daily. They are very popular among athletes and bodybuilders and are available online or over the counter. Although the Oct 6, 2022 · Generically speaking, SARMs are a class of androgen receptor agonists that possess many of the desirable effects of testosterone—such as mitigating muscle and bone loss—while possibly decreasing the risks of such undesirable effects as developing prostatic hypertrophy or causing liver damage or cancer. More research on this topic is necessary as SARM abuse is becoming increasingly common. Join me as I uncover secrets of health and performance through informed science and research alone! 100% Unbiased, Uncensored, Unfiltered! Get the latest in cutting-edge health and science. edu. lorusso@yale. Global Recognition and Collaboration: Sep 16, 2020 · Ostarine (OS) (enobosarm, S-22, MK-2866, or GTx-024) and Ligandrol (LG) (LGD-4033, VK5211) are both non-steroidal SARMs. 8 To our knowledge, ours is the sixth case of SARM-associated drug-induced liver injury and the third case associated with RAD-140 use ( Table 2 ). SARMs, like Ostarine, are androgen receptor ligands that stimulate androgen receptors in a Mar 15, 2015 · An anabolic activity of ecdysterone was clearly confirmed by our investigation. 5 kilograms over the course of four to six weeks. Despite the effect on LBM shown by SARMs in phase II clinical trials, results on improved physical function and muscle strength are still lacking and long-term outcomes have to be assessed in these patients. RAD-140 is recognized for its research potential in targeted muscle tissue stimulation, while GW-501516 is studied for its possible impact on metabolic function. SARMs are androgen receptor ligands that bind androgen receptors selectively. Jul 29, 2014 · Abstract Introduction The androgen receptor (AR) is the most highly expressed steroid receptor in breast cancer with 75–95% of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and 40–70% of ER-negative breast cancers expressing AR. Nov 28, 2017 · Selective androgen receptor modulator products were found by conducting web-based searches from February 18, 2016, to March 25, 2016, using the Google search engine on the Chrome and Internet Explorer web browsers and the search terms SARMs Supplements, SARMs, selective androgen receptor modulators, and buy. Affiliations 1 Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT. AthleteConnect@USADA. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 2017 , 25 (13) , 3330-3349. This is especially true when it comes to supplements. SARMs are used for many indications including osteoporosis, anemia, male contraception, male hypogonadism, and wound Dec 14, 2017 · Abstract. I actually had pre and post blood work done. SARMS are legally sold as drugs by this company, GTX. Most of it is nothing more than a myth, holding only a small fragment of reality. Umbrella Labs introduces RAD 140 SARM TESTOLONE – 20MG/ML to its product line. 25 RAD140 is not subject to conversion to estrogens by aromatase or to more Ligandrol. MK-677 is on the DoD Prohibited Jul 25, 2017 · Learn about supplement risks on Supplement Connect. Nov 19, 2019 · “(II) the SARM or product containing a SARM is being used exclusively for purposes of a clinical trial that is the subject of an effective investigational new drug application. They offer a lot of discounts so that you end up buying high quality products at a very low price. OS was been shown to increase the lean body mass and physical function in elderly men and postmenopausal women as well as reduce muscle wasting in patients with cancer ( 24 – 26 ). Unlike traditional anabolic steroids Apr 1, 2020 · Warns of Use of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) Among Teens, Young Adults Protect Your Family From … Tailor Made Compounding LLC - 594743 - 04/01/2020 Mar 15, 2018 · In this review, analytical data on SARMs generated in the context of research conducted for sports drug testing purposes are summarized and state-of-the-art test methods aiming at intact drugs as well as diagnostic urinary metabolites are discussed. In this study, we show that treatment of YK11 and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) accelerated cell proliferation and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblast cells. LGD-4033 was safe, had favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and increased lean body mass even during this short period without change in prostate-specific antigen. Despite that, SARMs are readily available online and often marketed to bodybuilders as “legal steroids” or “steroid Jul 29, 2014 · SARM treatment inhibited the intratumoral expression of genes and pathways that promote breast cancer development through its actions on the AR. Electronic address: patricia. Feb 15, 2021 · SARMs are a novel group of compounds developed to selectively augment anabolic effects in muscles and bones, while avoiding undesirable androgenic effects in skin, larynx, and reproductive organs. 0 to 1. Case presentation A 27-year-old asymptomatic male weightlifter presented for an annual physical exam and was coincidentally found to have an abnormal lipid panel, which the THE #1 RESOURCE FOR BIOHACKING, SARMS, PEPTIDES, LONGEVITY, NOOTROPICS ++ MORE. E-mail: UDE. They are focused on providing high grade products and their prices are economical so that they don’t exceed your budget. Short for selective androgen receptor modulators, SARMs are synthetic drugs designed to have effects similar to those of testosterone. Contact Athlete Connect with questions: (719) 785-2000 or toll-free (866) 601-2632. Longer randomized trials should evaluate its efficacy in improving physical function and health outcomes in select populations. His research interests include the molecular, preclinical, and clinical pharmacology of novel drugs, with an emphasis on selective nuclear receptor modulators and anticancer agents. 9 - 12 Similar Nov 26, 2008 · Androgen receptor (AR) plays a critical role in the function of several organs including primary and accessory sexual organs, skeletal muscle, and bone, making it a desirable therapeutic target. Psychosis and hallucinations. All were published in and after 2020. Nov 8, 2020 · 1. Mar 10, 2024 · SARMS intended for research purposes might face fewer complications during air travel, provided they are clearly labeled and accompanied by documentation stating their purpose. SARMs have anabolic effects on muscle and bone and were originally synthesised for treatment of muscle wasting conditions, osteoporosis and breast cancer. Some individuals using SARMs recreationally combine multiple SARMs or take a SARM along with other compounds, although there is no research on combining SARMs. NOTLAD, fax 614-292-7766 Vector Oncology Solutions (Memphis, TN, USA) and Cmed Clinical Research Services were responsible for overseeing the collection and analysis of the data. Sleep disturbances Mar 25, 2024 · The FDA warns that research to date has connected SARMs with risks and side effectslike: Increased risk of heart attack or stroke. Apr 12, 2018 · Thaddeus Owen, 42, a self-described biohackerwho lives in Saint Paul, Minn. SARMs represent a new generation of tissue-selective androgens with an as yet unrealized potential to treat several diseases. The androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in the uterus but the impact of SARMs on the function of this organ is unknown. SARMs avoid side effects of testosterone and AAS, show higher tissue selectivity and have good oral bioavailability, which gives the prospect of developing a new class of drugs. The company claims to be a reliable and legitimate provider of these compounds, offering high-quality products Abstract. Dietary supplements that aren’t FDA-approved, means they are also not regulated, including products that claim to contain SARMs, as the ingredient list could be misleading Jan 11, 2024 · The Legal Landscape of SARMs in the UK: Understanding the Regulations in 2024. Nevertheless, SARM use is increasingly popular amongst recreational athletes. It sells its SARMs in 50 ml bottles which is 50% more than most competing brands. Explore our popular products like GW-501516, RAD-140, BPC-157, and more. Ostarine is a very real risk for athletes, and it’s important for athletes to be informed consumers. ”. Dec 8, 2023 · While capsule SARMs provide an easy way to take your dose, there is a risk of low quality, under-dosing, overdosing, or contamination if the SARMs capsules have been manufactured in an unprofessional environment. Feb 16, 2021 · The FDA has long warned against the use of SARMs like those found in MedFit products, including stating in a publicly available 2017 warning letter to another firm that SARMs have been linked to life-threatening reactions including liver toxicity, and have the potential to increase the risk of heart attack and stroke. The FDA has warned of their side effects Feb 17, 2023 · The drug-induced liver injury in the case of SARMs is thought to be idiosyncratic, extrapolating a similar mechanism with androgenic steroids . Chemyo sells the best liquid SARMs. Discover the latest insights and breakthroughs in SARMs, Peptides, and Nootropics. Metabolic rate jumps significantly. Dec 7, 2023 · Purpose Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have demonstrated agonist activity on the androgen receptor in various tissues, stimulating muscle mass growth and improving bone reconstruction. . Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have been proposed as therapeutics for women suffering from breast cancer, muscle wasting or urinary incontinence. SARMs are an integral part of my overall training program. In 2017, the widespread use of SARMs in the form of nutritional supplements led the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to issue a warning after reports of their serious health risks There is an unmet clinical need for safe and effective anabolic compounds such as SARMs. For LG, an increase in the lean body mass Jun 22, 2021 · We have reviewed your website at https://umbrellalabs. The anabolic potency of the ecdysterone was comparable or even higher as found for the anabolic androgenic steroids, SARMs or IGF-1. To characterise trends and interest in selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators ( SARMs) are stirring up a storm in the UK’s fitness and bodybuilding communities. According to the TGA, SARMs are Schedule 4 prescription drugs. Still, SARMs are very popular as performance Vector Oncology Solutions (Memphis, TN, USA) and Cmed Clinical Research Services were responsible for overseeing the collection and analysis of the data. 1 The binding of the prototypical, endogeneously produced androgen testosterone (1) and the important active metabolite dihydrotestosterone (2) to AR initiates a remarkably diverse array of biological activities that can Jun 20, 2023 · Warrior Labz SARMS 5737 Kannan Road, Unit 215 It is also of active interest in anti-aging research. He said that the pills helped him pack on Abstract. SARMs have been reported to selectively recruit AR cofactors to explain the different effects SARMs have on the prostate versus bone and muscle tissue (21, 43). In most other countries, you can legally buy and use SARMs, as long as you aren’t a professional athlete. Hans-Joerg Keller of the Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland said, “AUSRM-057 is the first SARM with excellent skin permeation properties which may exploit the full therapeutic potential of SARMs. Mar 4, 2024 · RAD 140 is a non-steroidal, orally bioavailable SARM that selectively binds to androgen receptors, mimicking the effects of testosterone in various tissues. Radbulk – Lean & Thick Muscle Builder (Editor Choice) Ostabulk – Beginner Friendly Muscle Preserving & Cutting SARM. Apr 4, 2019 · Nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are a promising solution for various clinical indications. Doses can range from 1 mg to 20 mg per week by SQ or IM injections divided into 2-3 Jul 25, 2017 · Learn about supplement risks on Supplement Connect. USO@1. Umbrella Labs offers a broad selection of SARMs to cater to various research requirements. […] Apr 4, 2018 · SARMs of several structural templates and a variety of potencies are described in peer-reviewed and patent literature. , began using SARMs in 2016 in combination with a diet and exercise program. The combined research and clinical goals of SARMS are the reductions in catabolic actions initiated by hypogonadism and/or aging in order to preserve skeletal muscle and bone allowing for the individual to maintain functional activities of daily living, reduce fall and fracture risk, and consequent disability. SAF Research, also known as Swole AF Labs and SAF Peptides, is a UK based source that specializes in SARMs, peptides, and nootropics. Andalean – Bona-fide cutting May 31, 2016 · Cardarine, also known as GW501516, is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) agonist. SARM treatment also inhibited the metastasis-promoting paracrine factors, IL6 and MMP13, and subsequent migration and invasion of epithelial:MSC co-cultures. SARMs are still in the research and testing stages for various medical conditions but have not been approved yet for any other use. Their product lineup includes items such as 5-Alpha-Hydroxy Laxogenin, AC-262,536, ACP-105, GSK-2881078 US SARMS is dedicated to transparency and ethical business practices, offering 24/7 support, secure payment options, and third-party testing. 1b). Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are performance-enhancing drugs used by doping athletes to stimulate anabolism and thereby increase muscle mass, strength, and recovery from exercise training. 2 Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology Nashville, Nashville, TN. Cardarine is commonly lumped into the same category as selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) like Ostarine, but it is not a SARM at all. A review of the existing literature revealed only four published reports of SARM-DILI, covering six cases (Table (Table1 1) [19-22]. These compounds, famed for their muscle-bulking and fat-shredding abilities, are at the centre of heated debates and keen Feb 26, 2015 · The companies selling SARMS do not have to follow the 111’s because SARMS like, RAD 140, YK 11, Ostarine, Andarine, and more are not dietary supplements, they are drugs. Sexual Oct 31, 2017 · The U. is and determined that you take orders there for numerous products marketed as SARMS including, but not limited to, “GW-501516 Cardarine Research is limited as to how they affect the body long-term, and there are no Gold Standard scientific trial studies that advocate using them in cycles recreationally. org. This case of RAD-140–associated cholestatic liver injury had an assessed Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network causality score of 1 (probable) and a severity score of 3 (severe injury). The following are examples of SARMs that are frequently and illegally marketed in dietary supplements or as research chemicals: Ostarine (Enobosarm, MK2866, S22) Andarine (S4) LGD-4033 (Ligandrol) LGD-3033; TT-701; RAD140 Jul 10, 2024 · The range of products from Umbrella Labs includes compounds such as RAD-140 (Testolone) and GW-501516 (Cardarine), which are part of the company's efforts to support SARMs research. Experimental Design: A series of in vitro assays . Jun 18, 2020 · SARMs have shown to improve total lean body mass, but there is still inconclusive finding with regards to improvement in muscle strength and physical function. Sep 29, 2021 · Ibutamoren, or MK-677, isn’t technically a SARM, but is often sold alongside SARMs, as it is a research chemical which many group together with them. SARMs provide therapeutic opportunities in a variety of diseases Feb 6, 2017 · Research has shown that SARMs like ostarine have fewer androgenic properties, meaning they have less influence on the development and balance of male hormones, including testosterone. Recent case reports of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and tendon rupture raise serious concerns for the safety of recreational SARM users. Sleep disturbances. —Section 102(44) of the Controlled Substances Act ( 21 U. Conclusion: 1. The presence of SARMs in biological samples may be unintentional and unconscious and result from contamination of dietary supplements with microdoses . Food and Drug Administration recently issued warning letters to Infantry Labs, LLC, IronMagLabs and Panther Sports Nutrition for distributing products that contain SARMs. The Leading Authority in SARMs, Peptides and Performance Research. Experience the best in SARMs and peptides. It is also not legal for use as an ingredient in dietary supplements or any other consumer or commercial products. Discover an entire library of information designed to empower you with the knowledge needed to build the physique Jul 26, 2023 · It is shown that SARMs may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases through implications on the renin-angiotensin system, smooth muscle cells, sympathetic nervous system, lipid profile, inflammation, platelet activity, and various other factors. For example, SARMs do build muscle. Is one of the leading sites that sells American made research peptides and research liquids. In 2017, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States warned that use of SARMs was linked to liver failure, and increased risk of heart attack or stroke . Doping control analytical approaches predominantly rely on chromatography hyphenated to mass Mar 28, 2010 · The last decade has witnessed substantial pharmaceutical efforts to develop nonsteroidal SARMs to treat muscle wasting and functional limitations associated with acute and chronic illness and aging (8,16,17,18,19). Blue sky peptide. A key aspect of SARMs is the ability to clearly differentiate between the anabolic and androgenic activities. Feb 15, 2022 · In the following 20 years, SARMs have been a hotspot of research, and many novel and different nonsteroidal structures have been reported. Basically, SARMs strive to produce all Nov 2, 2019 · Abstract. The products purchased were The propaganda surrounding SARMs are plentiful. They have recently changed their name from Swole AF Labs to SAF Research and are now based in London. Feb 15, 2022 · Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have been developed as an alternate to traditional anabolic steroids due to their favorable effects on the bones and muscles without androgenic side effects. Though historically breast cancers were treated with steroidal androgens, their use fell from favor because of their virilizing side effects and the emergence of tamoxifen Jun 28, 2023 · These SARMs represent the androgenic counterpart of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) in terms of tissue and action specificity . LGD-4033 is a novel nonsteroidal, oral SARM that binds to androgen receptor with high affinity (Ki of ∼1 nM) and selectivity. In contrast, SARMS used for personal enhancement, such as for bodybuilding or fitness, may not comply with TSA’s guidelines and airline policies. 802(44) ) is amended by inserting “SARMs Dr. Nov 18, 2015 · Athletes should be aware that SARM ingredients could be listed on dietary supplement product labels under various names. This new addition reflects the company’s expansion of its research-focused offerings to include a wider variety Empowering Research Endeavors: A Resource for Cutting-Edge Studies - The role of SARMs and related compounds in research has been substantial, with studies exploring applications across a range of Jan 1, 2022 · RAD140 is an investigational, oral, nonsteroidal, selective AR modulator (SARM) with breast tissue-selective AR agonist activity, exhibiting substantial antitumor activity in preclinical models of AR+/ER+ breast cancer with a distinct AR-mediated mechanism of action. (2) C LARIFICATION REGARDING FELONY DRUG OFFENSES. Variability in AR regulatory proteins in target tissues permits SARMs to selectively elicit anabolic benefits while eschewing the pitfalls of traditional androgen therapy. Jul 12, 2022 · As described below, your SARMs products are unapproved new drugs sold in violation of sections 505(a) and 301(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), 21 U. January 11, 2024. Because research into SARMs for human use is limited, the full risk of using SARMs has not been established, especially the possible long-term impact on health. Apr 4, 2015 · SARMS. Feb 23, 2024 · MK-677, also known as Ibutamoren, is a “growth hormone secretagogue,” a substance that stimulates the production of growth hormone. More likely and in agreement May 10, 2023 · Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are not FDA approved, and obtaining SARMs for personal use is illegal. Despite being in clinical trials, none has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or European Medicines Agency for pharmacotherapy. SARMs are intended to have the same effects as androgenic anabolic drugs such We have previously reported that YK11 is a novel selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) and induces myogenic differentiation and selective gene regulation. Apr 4, 2024 · The legality of SARMs in Australia is different from the rest of the world. Jan 30, 2023 · Background Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are becoming increasingly common amongst athletes and the general population, but their side effect profile in human subjects at recreational doses is understudied. The current study evaluates the activity and efficacy of the oral selective AR modulator RAD140 in in vivo and in vitro models of AR/ER+ breast cancer. SARMS are drugs. Psychosis/hallucinations. Jun 24, 2014 · In describing their drug candidate, AUSRM-057, Senior Investigator Dr. In Australia, SARMs are regulated by the TGA (Therapeutic Goods Administration). We evaluated the effects of the SARM drug ostarine on p … Feb 2, 2011 · The androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the steroid hormone nuclear receptor superfamily that includes estrogen, progestin, glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Dalton is a co-inventor on over fifty US and international patents and patent applications on SARMs. While they are not yet approved for human use, SARMs are of interest to the medical community because they might be effective at treating different health Effects: You will go faster longer. AR stimulation inhibits May 11, 2009 · Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) Part III: Discovery of 4-(5-oxopyrrolidine-1-yl)benzonitrile derivative 2f as a clinical candidate. Before endurance tolerance tests, blood glucose levels in the trained and untrained GW501516-treated mice (TG or NG) and trained control mice (TN) tended to be higher than the untrained control mice (NN), but no statistically significant differences were observed (Fig. C. 355(a) and 301(d). LGD-4033, also known by the developmental code name VK5211 and by the black-market name Ligandrol, is a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) which is under development for the treatment of muscle atrophy in people with hip fracture. In this study, we investigated the effect of ostarine (enobosarm), a nonsteroidal SARM, on the rat adipocyte metabolism using in vitro techniques. The study database was held by Cmed Clinical Research Services. In some of the early studies on first-gen SARMs, there were “modest gains” in lean mass—1. ” Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have shown beneficial effects on muscle wasting, general physical function and bone properties in male mammals. By identifying the cofactors that are shared or not shared by steroidal androgens and SARMs, we sought to determine which factors are Feb 13, 2024 · The focus on research-driven excellence sets Chimera Compounds apart as a dedicated partner in the pursuit of knowledge and to buy legit SARMs. These concerns led to the development of selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), a class of androgen receptor ligands that bind to androgen receptors in a tissue-selective manner to activate of androgenic signaling ( 1 ). 2. The lipid levels post 90 day Cardaring showed decreased bad stuff LDL triglycerides and elevated good stuff HDL. Purpose: Steroidal androgens suppress androgen receptor and estrogen receptor positive (AR/ER+) breast cancer cells and were used to treat breast cancer, eliciting favorable response. This is why most people will buy SARMs in liquid form from research labs, so you know you’re getting the real deal. Jun 6, 2021 · Emerging clinical indications for SARMs are the treatment of functional limitations associated with physiological aging and/or chronic disease[11,12]. Studies and reports show SARMs are associated with serious or life-threatening health problems, such as: Increased risk of heart attack or stroke. No they are not research chemicals, that would be like saying anabolic steroids are research chemicals. SARMs are used by bodybuilders and competitive athletes due to their anabolic and lack of androgenic effects, particularly in the United States, Europe, and other western countries. Non-steroidal SARMs such as ostarine (GTx-24, MK-2866, or Enobosarm) lack steroid rings and subsequently possess selective effects on the skeletal system, reportedly showing only minimal effects on Jun 26, 2024 · SwissChems offers the greatest range of products when it comes to SARMs. It can only be used for research purposes. S. Science Bio Probably the most advanced testing methods, they offer a ton of other products. Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) bind to the AR and demonstrate osteo- and myo-anabolic activity; however, unlike testosterone and other Nov 2, 2019 · Abstract. Sep 28, 2018 · However, clinical research on SARMs, including their potential use for preventing muscle wasting on cancer patients, has recently been overshadowed by their off-label popularity among bodybuilders. May 5, 2021 · SARMs induce the recruitment of known AR cofactors. Join thousands of readers exploring human evolution and challenging the notion of what’s natural and beyond. Introduction: The development and potential clinical use of tissue-selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have advanced tremendously over the past few years. We used a mouse model to compare the impact of SARMs Dec 7, 2023 · SARMs have led to annual increases in positive test results through detection methods in different biological samples, such as hair, nails, urine, and blood . May 6, 2015 · Effects of GW501516 on blood glucose and lactate levels in sedentary and trained mice. Although the side effect profile of SARMs may resemble some aspects of testosterone (reduced HDL, hepatotoxicity and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis suppression), these alterations Jul 7, 2023 · Image caption, The labels on Sarms bottles carry disclaimers including "research purposes only" and "not for human consumption" The products sold cost about £40 for 60 pills - to be taken once or Jul 7, 2023 · The labels on Sarms bottles carry disclaimers including "research purposes only" and "not for human consumption" The products sold cost about £40 for 60 pills - to be taken once or twice daily. Browse our extensive library of articles, compound profiles, and source reviews. However, data on the effects of SARMs in postmenopausal osteoporotic bone are scarce. Moreover in-silico docking experiments support the postulated non-androgenic mechanism of ecdysterone. [5] Jul 18, 2019 · Abstract. de jk ea zc dv pq sg ot wl bw